August 8, 2024 Aerospace, Industry Forum Blog By Joseph Dodd – Aerospace Quality Management Consultant SMMT Industry Forum Introduction Measurement is determining the extent, quality or value of something. So what is a measurement system? A Measurement System is the overall combination of input factors that influence the output of that measurement, such as: people, equipment, measurand, methods and the environment. Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) is a statistical tool used to ensure we understand the sources of variation inherent in our measurement systems used to determine product quality and conformance. Purpose of MSA in Aerospace The primary purpose of MSA in the aerospace sector is to assess the capability and consistency of measurement systems. This analysis identifies the sources of variation such as that caused by appraiser’s, equipment and part variation, allowing Engineers to assess the systems overall gauge repeatability and reproducibility (GR&R) amongst other factors (e.g. NDC) against industry standard criteria. By doing so, aerospace companies can take action to ensure that their measurements are accurate, leading to better quality control, reduced waste, and increased safety in their products. Key objectives of MSA include: Evaluating Measurement Accuracy: Ensuring that measurement tools and systems provide true values without significant deviation. (E.g., Bias, Linearity, Stability). Assessing Precision: Determining the repeatability and reproducibility of measurement systems (GR&R). Identifying Sources of Variation: Pinpointing where variations occur in the measurement process to mitigate them effectively (ANOVA method). Benefits of Applying MSA A robust Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) process can ensure that production data being collected is accurate and precise, and that the methods used for data collection are suitable for the process. Accurate, reliable data can save time, labour, and materials in manufacturing. Increased reliability in measurement data Allows organisations to make better, data-driven decisions in production Helps reduce rework and scrap Gives confidence to customers in measurement capabilities and therefore product control Enables organisations to understand sources of variation Challenges in the Aerospace Industry Despite its importance, the implementation of MSA in the aerospace industry faces several challenges: Resource: The aerospace industry is highly regulated, with stringent standards such as AS13100 and supplemental material such as RM13003 that dictate quality management and MSA requirements. Compliance with these standards requires rigorous MSA processes, which can be resource-intensive. Supply Chain: Ensuring that all suppliers adhere to the same measurement standards and practices can be difficult. Variations in measurement practices across the supply chain can lead to discrepancies and quality issues. AS13100 aims to harmonise requirements for Aero Engine Suppliers & Customer Specific Requirements should be considered when conducting APQP/PPAP. Skills: There are global skill gaps within the Aerospace Industry in certain areas such as supplier development and APQP/PPAP. Alignment of quality management systems to Industry Standards (AS9145 & AS13100) requires cross-functional, competent teams. This gap is particularly evident in emerging markets and smaller suppliers. Conclusion Measurement Systems Analysis is an essential practice in the aerospace industry, critical for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of measurement systems that underpin product quality and safety. Despite the challenges, the benefits of MSA in terms of improved quality, safety, and cost savings are undeniable. Addressing the skill gaps and ensuring robust MSA processes can significantly enhance the overall performance and reliability of aerospace products, fostering a Zero Defect culture.
